June 18
June 18 is the 169th day of the year (170th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 196 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang Dynasty rule over China.
- 1178 – Five Canterbury monks see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed. It is believed that the current oscillations of the Moon's distance from the Earth (on the order of meters) are a result of this collision.
- 1264 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
- 1429 – French forces under the leadership of Joan of Arc defeat the main English army under Sir John Fastolf at the Battle of Patay. This turns the tide of the Hundred Years' War.
- 1684 – The charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony is revoked via a scire facias writ issued by an English court.
- 1757 – Battle of Kolín between Prussian forces under Frederick the Great and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Count Leopold Joseph von Daun in the Seven Years' War.
- 1767 – Samuel Wallis, an English sea captain, sights Tahiti and is considered the first European to reach the island.
- 1778 – American Revolutionary War: British troops abandon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1812 – War of 1812: The U.S. Congress declares war on the United Kingdom.
- 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Waterloo results in the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte by the Duke of Wellington and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher forcing him to abdicate the throne of France for the second and last time.
- 1830 – French invasion of Algeria
- 1858 – Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin's own, prompting Darwin to publish his theory.
- 1859 – First ascent of Aletschhorn, second summit of the Bernese Alps.
- 1873 – Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election.
- 1887 – The Reinsurance Treaty between Germany and Russia is signed.
- 1900 – Empress Dowager Longyu of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign diplomats and their families.
- 1908 – Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship Kasato-Maru.
- 1908 – The University of the Philippines is established.
- 1923 – Checker Taxi puts its first taxi on the streets.
- 1928 – Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly in an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean (she is a passenger; Wilmer Stultz is the pilot and Lou Gordon the mechanic).
- 1930 – Groundbreaking ceremonies for the Franklin Institute are held.
- 1935 – Police in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada clash with striking longshoremen, resulting in a total 60 injuries and 24 arrests.
- 1940 – Appeal of June 18 by Charles de Gaulle.
- 1940 – "Finest Hour" speech by Winston Churchill.
- 1945 – William Joyce (Lord Haw-Haw) is charged with treason for his pro-German propaganda broadcasting during World War II.
- 1946 – Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist, calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa. A road is named after this date in Panjim.
- 1953 – The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 ends with the overthrow of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty and the declaration of the Republic of Egypt.
- 1953 – A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns near Tokyo, Japan killing 129.
- 1954 – Pierre Mendès-France becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1965 – Vietnam War: The United States uses B-52 bombers to attack National Liberation Front guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam.
- 1972 – Staines air disaster – 118 are killed when a plane crashes two minutes after take off from London Heathrow Airport.
- 1979 – SALT II is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union.
- 1983 – Space Shuttle program: STS-7, Astronaut Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space.
- 1983 – Mona Mahmudnizhad together with nine other Bahá'í women, is sentenced to death and hanged in Shiraz, Iran because of her Bahá'í Faith.
- 1984 – A major clash between about 5,000 police and a similar number of miners takes place at Orgreave, South Yorkshire, during the 1984-1985 UK miners' strike.
- 1994 – The Troubles: the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) open fire inside a pub in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, killing six civilians and wounding five.
- 1996 – Ted Kaczynski, suspected of being the Unabomber, is indicted on ten criminal counts.
- 2006 – The first Kazakh space satellite, KazSat is launched.
- 2009 – The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), a NASA robotic spacecraft is launched.
Births
- 1269 – Princess Eleanor of England (d. 1298)
- 1318 – Princess Eleanor of Woodstock (d. 1355)
- 1466 – Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian printer (d. 1539)
- 1511 – Bartolomeo Ammanati, Italian architect and sculptor (d. 1592)
- 1517 – Emperor Ogimachi of Japan (d. 1593)
- 1552 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (d. 1637)
- 1667 – Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (d. 1750)
- 1673 – Antonio de Literes, Spanish composer of zarzuelas (d. 1747)
- 1716 – Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter (d. 1809)
- 1757 – Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian composer and piano manufacturer (d. 1831)
- 1757 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine political leader (d. 1833)
- 1812 – Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (d. 1891)
- 1815 – Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, German general (d. 1881)
- 1834 – Auguste-Théodore-Paul de Broglie, French philosopher (d. 1895)
- 1839 – William Henry Seward, Jr., Union Brigadier General in the American Civil War (d. 1920)
- 1845 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1922)
- 1850 – Richard Heuberger, Austrian composer and music critic (d. 1914)
- 1854 – E.W. Scripps, American journalist and publisher (d. 1926)
- 1857 – Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founder of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C. (d. 1930)
- 1863 – George Essex Evans, Australian poet (d. 1909)
- 1868 – Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and regent (d. 1957)
- 1870 – Edouard Le Roy, French philosopher and mathematician (d. 1954)
- 1877 – James Montgomery Flagg, American illustrator (d. 1960)
- 1882 – Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian Communist leader (d. 1949)
- 1884 – Édouard Daladier, French politician (d. 1970)
- 1886 – George Mallory, English mountaineer (d. 1924)
- 1886 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist (d. 1978)
- 1891 – Mae Busch, Australian actress (d. 1946)
- 1895 – Manuela Fernández-Fojaco, Spanish supercentenarian (d. 2009)
- 1895 – Blanche Sweet, American actress (d. 1986)
- 1901 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Nicolaievna Romanova of Russia (d. 1918)
- 1903 – Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (d. 1965)
- 1903 – Raymond Radiguet, French author (d. 1923)
- 1904 – Keye Luke, Chinese-born American actor (d. 1991)
- 1904 – Manuel Rosenthal, French conductor and composer (d. 2003)
- 1907 – Frithjof Schuon, Swiss metaphysician, poet, and painter (d. 1998)
- 1908 – Bud Collyer, American game show host (d. 1969)
- 1908 – Stanley Knowles, Canadian politician (d. 1997)
- 1908 – Nedra Volz, American actress (d. 2003)
- 1910 – Dick Foran, American actor (d. 1979)
- 1910 – Ray McKinley, American jazz drummer and bandleader (d. 1995)
- 1913 – Sammy Cahn, American lyricist (d. 1993)
- 1913 – Sylvia Field Porter, American economist and journalist (d. 1991)
- 1914 – E.G. Marshall, American actor (d. 1998)
- 1915 – Red Adair, American firefighter (d. 2004)
- 1916 – Julio César Turbay Ayala, Colombian politician (d. 2005)
- 1917 – Richard Boone, American actor (d. 1981)
- 1917 – Jack Karnehm, English snooker commentator (d. 2002)
- 1917 – Erik Ortvad, Danish artist (d. 2008)
- 1917 – Arthur Tremblay, Canadian politician (d. 1996)
- 1918 – Jerome Karle, American chemist, Nobel laureate
- 1918 – Franco Modigliani, Italian economist, Nobel laureate (d. 2003)
- 1920 – Ian Carmichael, English actor (d. 2010)
- 1922 – Claude Helffer, French pianist (d. 2004)
- 1924 – George Mikan, American basketball player (d. 2005)
- 1926 – Allan Sandage, American astronomer (d. 2010)
- 1926 – Tom Wicker, American journalist (d. 2011)
- 1927 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian/British actress (d. 1998)
- 1927 – Paul Eddington, English actor (d. 1995)
- 1928 – David T. Lykken, American scientist (d. 2006)
- 1929 – Jürgen Habermas, German sociologist and philosopher
- 1931 – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil
- 1932 – Dudley R. Herschbach, American chemist, Nobel laureate
- 1932 – Geoffrey Hill, English poet
- 1934 – Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Japanese manga artist (d. 2004)
- 1935 – Hugh McColl, American banker
- 1936 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (d. 1992)
- 1936 – Ronald Venetiaan, President of Suriname
- 1937 – Wray Carlton, American football player
- 1937 – Del Harris, American basketball head coach
- 1937 – John D. Rockefeller IV, American politician
- 1937 – Vitaly Zholobov, Soviet cosmonaut
- 1938 – Kevin Murray, Australian rules footballer
- 1939 – Lou Brock, American baseball player
- 1939 – Jean-Claude Germain, French Canadian author, journalist and historian
- 1939 – Brooks Firestone, American businessman and politician
- 1940 – Michael Sheard, British actor (d. 2005)
- 1941 – Delia Smith, English cook and television presenter
- 1942 – Roger Ebert, American film reviewer
- 1942 – Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa
- 1942 – Paul McCartney, British singer, songwriter and musician (The Beatles, Wings)
- 1942 – Carl Radle, American tour and session bass guitarist (d. 1980)
- 1942 – Nick Tate, Australian actor
- 1942 – Hans Vonk, Dutch conductor (d. 2004)
- 1943 – Raffaella Carrà, Italian TV presenter
- 1944 – Sandy Posey, American singer
- 1946 – Russell Ash, British author
- 1946 – Bruiser Brody, American professional wrestler (d. 1988)
- 1946 – Fabio Capello, Italian football coach
- 1947 – Linda Thorson, Canadian actress
- 1948 – Éva Marton, Hungarian operatic soprano
- 1949 – Chris Van Allsburg, American author and illustrator
- 1949 – Jarosław Kaczyński, Polish politician
- 1949 – Lech Kaczyński, Polish politician (d. 2010)
- 1949 – Prince Lincoln Thompson, Jamaican musician (d. 1999)
- 1950 – Mike Johanns, American politician
- 1950 – Jackie Leven, Scottish singer and songwriter
- 1952 – Carol Kane, American actress
- 1952 – Isabella Rossellini, Italian actress
- 1952 – Lee Soo Man South Korean entertainment executive
- 1953 – Vladislav Terzyul, Ukrainian mountaineer (d. 2004)
- 1956 – Brian Benben, American actor
- 1957 – Andrea Evans, American actress
- 1957 – Miguel Ángel Lotina, Spanish football manager
- 1958 – Peter Altmaier, German politician
- 1960 – Ralph Brown, British actor
- 1960 – Steve Murphy, Canadian news anchor
- 1961 – Andrés Galarraga, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1961 – Alison Moyet, English pop singer
- 1962 – Jeff Mills, American techno DJ and producer
- 1962 – Mitsuharu Misawa, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 2009)
- 1963 – Dizzy Reed, American keyboardist (Guns N' Roses)
- 1963 – Bruce Smith, American football player
- 1964 – Uday Hussein, Iraqi leader, son of Saddam Hussein (d. 2003)
- 1965 – Kim Dickens, American actress and model
- 1966 – Kurt Browning, Canadian figure skater
- 1969 – Christopher Largen, American author
- 1969 – Vito LoGrasso, American professional wrestler
- 1969 – Pål Pot Pamparius, Norwegian guitarist and keyboardist (Turbonegro)
- 1970 – Robin Christopher, American actress
- 1970 – Greg Yaitanes, American television and film director
- 1971 – Jason McAteer, English-born Irish footballer
- 1972 – Michal Yannai, Israeli actress and model
- 1972 – Wikus du Toit, South African actor
- 1973 – Eddie Cibrian, American actor
- 1973 – Julie Depardieu, French actress
- 1973 – Ray Lamontagne, American singer-songwriter
- 1973 – Alexandros Papadimitriou, Greek hammer thrower
- 1974 – Vincenzo Montella, Italian footballer
- 1975 – Jamel Debbouze, French actor and producer
- 1975 – Marie Gillain, Belgian actress
- 1975 – Jemma Griffiths, Welsh singer-songwriter
- 1975 – Aleksandrs Koļinko, Latvian footballer
- 1975 – Martin St. Louis, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1976 – Alana de la Garza, American actress
- 1976 – Blake Shelton, American country singer
- 1976 – Witte Wartena, Dutch artist
- 1978 – Wang Liqin, Chinese table tennis player
- 1979 – Yumiko Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress
- 1980 – Antonio Gates, American football player
- 1980 – Craig Mottram, Australian middle distance runner
- 1980 – Colin Munroe, Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1980 – Antero Niittymäki, Finnish ice hockey goaltender
- 1980 – Tara Platt, American actress
- 1980 – Ivana Wong, Hong Kong singer and songwriter
- 1981 – Ella Chen, Taiwanese Mandopop singer (S.H.E)
- 1981 – Teresa Cormack, New Zealand murder victim (d. 1987)
- 1982 – Nadir Belhadj, French-born Algerian footballer
- 1983 – Billy Slater, Australian NRL player
- 1983 – Cameron Smith, Australian NRL player
- 1984 – Kissy Sell Out, UK Record Producer and DJ
- 1984 – Mateus Galiano da Costa, Angolan footballer
- 1984 – Janne Happonen, Finnish skijumper
- 1986 – Richard Gasquet, French tennis player
- 1988 – Elini Dimoutsos, Greek footballer
- 1990 – Luke Adam, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1990 – Sandra Izbaşa, Romanian gymnast
- 1991 – Willa Holland, American actress
- 1991 – Rei Okamoto, Japanese model and actress
- 1996 – Jade-Lianna Peters, Chinese-born naturalized American television voice actress
- 1997 – Max Records, American Actor
- 2006 – Countess Zaria of Orange-Nassau, Jonkvrouwe van Amsberg, Dutch royal
Deaths
- 1234 – Emperor Chukyo of Japan (b. 1218)
- 1291 – King Alfonso III of Aragon (b. 1265)
- 1464 – Rogier van der Weyden, Flemish painter (b. 1399 or 1400)
- 1588 – Robert Crowley, English printer and poet (b. c. 1517)
- 1629 – Piet Hein, Dutch naval commander (b. 1577)
- 1650 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer (b. 1573 or 1575)
- 1673 – Jeanne Mance, French settler of New France, founder of Montreal and of Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, the first hospital in North America (b. 1606)
- 1704 – Tom Brown, English satirist (b. 1662)
- 1726 – Michel Richard Delalande, French organist and composer (b. 1657)
- 1742 – John Aislabie, English politician (b. 1670)
- 1749 – Ambrose Philips, English poet (b. 1674)
- 1772 – Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German jurist and philosopher (b. 1706)
- 1772 – Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-born Austrian physician (b. 1700)
- 1788 – Adam Gib, Scottish religious figure (b. 1714)
- 1794 – François Nicolas Leonard Buzot, French revolutionary figure (b. 1760)
- 1794 – James Murray, British military officer and administrator (b. 1721)
- 1815 – Thomas Picton, British general (b. 1758)
- 1815 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (b. 1766)
- 1833 – Robert Hett Chapman, American religious figure and educator (b. 1771)
- 1835 – William Cobbett, English journalist and author (b. 1763)
- 1866 – Prince Sigismund of Prussia (b. 1864)
- 1902 – Samuel Butler, English writer (b. 1835)
- 1915 – Eufemio Zapata, brother of Mexican revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata (b. 1873)
- 1916 – Max Immelmann, German flying ace (b. 1890)
- 1917 – Titu Maiorescu, Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1840)
- 1922 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (b. 1851)
- 1928 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer (b. 1872)
- 1936 – Maxim Gorky, Russian author (b. 1868)
- 1937 – Gaston Doumergue, French statesman (b. 1863)
- 1942 – Arthur Pryor, American trombonist and bandleader (b. 1870)
- 1943 – Elias Degiannis, Greek navy officer and resistance fighter (b. 1912)
- 1947 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral (b. 1898)
- 1959 – Ethel Barrymore, American actress (b. 1879)
- 1963 – Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican actor (b. 1912)
- 1967 – Beat Fehr, Swiss racing driver (b. 1942)
- 1967 – Giacomo "Geki" Russo, Italian racing driver (b. 1937)
- 1971 – Thomas Gomez, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1971 – Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1889)
- 1973 – Roger Delgado, British actor (b. 1918)
- 1974 – Georgy Zhukov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1896)
- 1974 – Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian writer (b. 1896)
- 1975 – Hugo Bergmann, Czech-born German and Israeli Jewish philosopher (b. 1883)
- 1978 – Walter C. Alvarez, American physician (b. 1884)
- 1980 – Terence Fisher, English film director (b. 1904)
- 1980 – André Leducq, French cyclist (b. 1904)
- 1982 – John Cheever, American author (b. 1912)
- 1982 – Curd Jürgens, German actor (b. 1915)
- 1984 – Alan Berg, American radio talk show host (b. 1934)
- 1985 – Paul Colin, French poster designer (b. 1892)
- 1986 – Frances Scott Fitzgerald, American writer (b. 1921)
- 1989 – I. F. Stone, American journalist (b. 1907)
- 1992 – Peter Allen, Australian singer and songwriter (b. 1944)
- 1992 – Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter (b. 1896)
- 1997 – Lev Kopelev, Russian writer and dissident (b. 1912)
- 2000 – Nancy Marchand, American actress (b. 1928)
- 2002 – Jack Buck, American baseball announcer (b. 1924)
- 2003 – Larry Doby, American baseball player (b. 1923)
- 2003 – Ernest Martin, American convicted murderer (b. 1960)
- 2005 – Syed Mushtaq Ali, Indian cricketer (b. 1914)
- 2005 – Manuel Sadosky, Argentine mathematician (b. 1914)
- 2006 – Vincent Sherman, American film director (b. 1906)
- 2007 – Bernard Manning, British comedian (b. 1930)
- 2007 – Georges Thurston, Canadian singer (b. 1951)
- 2008 – Jean Delannoy, French actor and director (b. 1908)
- 2008 – Miyuki Kanbe, Japanese actor (b. 1984)
- 2008 – Tasha Tudor, American illustrator (b. 1915)
- 2010 – Trent Acid, American professional wrestler (b.1980)
- 2010 – José Saramago, Portuguese writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
- 2011 – Clarence Clemons, American saxophonist (b. 1942)
Holidays and observances
External links